Question 1

A postoperative patient presents with RR = 30 breaths/min, SpO₂ = 91% on room air, and asymmetrical chest expansion. What is the MOST appropriate initial physiotherapy assessment?

  • [ ] Manual muscle testing

  • [✓] Chest auscultation and breathing pattern assessment (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Goniometric assessment

  • [ ] Neurological reflex testing

Question 2

During auscultation, coarse crackles are heard that partially clear after coughing. What is the MOST likely interpretation?

  • [ ] Bronchospasm

  • [ ] Pleural effusion

  • [✓] Retained airway secretions (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Pneumothorax

Question 3

During mobilization, HR rises from 85 bpm to 145 bpm with minimal effort. What is the MOST appropriate interpretation?

  • [ ] Normal adaptation to exercise

  • [✓] Deconditioning or abnormal cardiovascular response (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Equipment error

  • [ ] Indicates improved fitness

Question 4

Which of the following is the MOST objective measure of cough effectiveness?

  • [ ] Patient-reported fatigue

  • [✓] Peak expiratory flow or cough peak flow (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Respiratory rate

  • [ ] Oxygen saturation

Question 5

Which of the following BEST explains decreased exercise tolerance in older adults?

  • [ ] Increased mitochondrial efficiency

  • [✓] Reduced maximal cardiac output (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Increased lung elasticity

  • [ ] Increased type II muscle fibers

Question 6

A physiotherapist is assessing an older adult with multimorbidity and mild cognitive impairment. What is the MOST appropriate approach?

  • [ ] Focus only on musculoskeletal impairments

  • [ ] Use a standardized test without modification

  • [✓] Integrate physical, cognitive, and environmental factors (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Avoid assessment due to cognitive deficits

Question 7

Which of the following is a CONTRAINDICATION to initiating an exercise assessment?

  • [ ] Controlled hypertension

  • [ ] Stable osteoarthritis

  • [✓] Unstable angina (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Mild balance impairment

Question 8

When designing a treatment plan for frail older adults, which principle is MOST appropriate?

  • [ ] High-intensity exercise only

  • [✓] Individualized, progressive, and function-oriented training (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Bed rest to prevent falls

  • [ ] Avoid resistance training

Question 9

Which strategy BEST promotes quality of life in older adults?

  • [ ] Limiting activity to prevent fatigue

  • [✓] Encouraging independence and caregiver education (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Avoiding social participation

  • [ ] Focusing only on pain reduction

Question 10

What is the primary purpose of identifying indications and contraindications in neurological assessment?

  • [ ] To select pharmacological treatments

  • [✓] To ensure patient safety during assessment (CORRECT)

  • [ ] To diagnose musculoskeletal conditions

  • [ ] To prescribe exercise programs

Question 11

Movement analysis findings should be correlated with:

  • [ ] Cardiovascular endurance

  • [ ] Psychological status

  • [✓] Neurological system functions (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Nutritional status

Question 12

A physiotherapist is assessing a patient with suspected stroke. Which of the following represents appropriate application of neurological assessment?

  • [ ] Measuring only blood pressure

  • [ ] Observing posture without interaction

  • [✓] Assessing muscle tone, reflexes, coordination, and sensation (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Asking only about pain level

Question 13

The analgesic effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is primarily explained by:

  • [ ] Increased ATP production

  • [✓] Gate control theory and endorphin release (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Muscle hypertrophy

  • [ ] Collagen synthesis

Question 14

Which of the following is an absolute contraindication for therapeutic ultrasound?

  • [ ] Chronic inflammation

  • [✓] Pregnancy (local application) (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Muscle spasm

  • [ ] Scar tissue

Question 15

A COPD patient shows a drop in SpO₂ from 96% to 85% during a 6-minute walk test. What does this indicate?

  • [ ] Normal physiological response

  • [✓] Poor oxygenation and exercise intolerance (CORRECT)

  • [ ] Measurement error

  • [ ] Cardiovascular instability only

 

Last modified: Sunday, 18 October 2026, 7:14 AM